Unit 2 · Parallel and Perpendicular Lines

2.6Slopes of Parallel and Perpendicular Lines

Quick Answer

Parallel lines have equal slopes (m₁ = m₂). Perpendicular lines have slopes that are negative reciprocals (m₁ · m₂ = −1). Use these relationships to classify lines given their equations or two points.

Essential Question

How does slope provide an algebraic test for whether two lines are parallel or perpendicular?

Learning Goals

  • 1Calculate slope from two points or an equation.
  • 2Determine if lines are parallel using slope.
  • 3Determine if lines are perpendicular using slope.
  • 4Classify pairs of lines as parallel, perpendicular, or neither.

Key Vocabulary

Slope

m = (y₂−y₁)/(x₂−x₁); the rate of change of a line.

Negative reciprocal

If m = a/b, its negative reciprocal is −b/a; perpendicular slopes are negative reciprocals.

Full lesson content coming soon

Worked examples, guided practice problems, a workbook, quiz, and downloadable PDF resources will be added to this lesson in Phase 2. The learning goals and vocabulary above reflect the complete lesson scope.